The Yellow Wallpaper Quotes About Madness

'The Yellow Wallpaper' Quotes About Madness In  The Yellow Wallpaper, by  Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a short story, the narrator is isolated in her room, where shes forbidden from thinking, writing or reading. The heroine has been told shes unwell and that this isolation will be good for her. Unfortunately, it eventually leads to her loss of sanity. Gilmans tale is an allegory for how women werent taken seriously by the medical industry, which exacerbated their issues. Her heroines slow descent into madness is supposed to be reminiscent of how an oppressive society stifles  women. The yellow wallpaper which can be seen as a symbol for society continues to grow wild in the heroines imagination until shes trapped in a flowered prison. The story is popular in Womens Studies classes and considered to be one of the first Feminist  stories. Its a must-read for any lover of American or Feminist literature. Here are a few quotes from the story.   The Yellow Wallpaper Quotes The color is repellent, almost revolting: a smoldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper This wallpaper has a kind of subpattern in a different shade, a particularly irritating one, for you can only see it in certain lights, and not clearly then.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper Im getting really fond of the room in spite of the wallpaper. Perhaps because of the wallpaper.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper There are things in that wallpaper that nobody knows about but me, or ever will.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper You think you have mastered it, but just as you get well under way in following, it turns a back-somersault and there you are. It slaps you in the face, knocks you down, and tramples upon you.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper It becomes bars! The outside pattern, I mean, and the women behind it is as plain as can be. I didnt realize for a long time what the thing was that showed behind, that dim sub-pattern, but now I am quite sure it is a woman. By daylight, she is subdued, quiet. I fancy it is the pattern that keeps her so still.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper Through watching so much at night, when it changes so, I have finally found out. The front pattern does move-and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it!- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper For outside you have to creep on the ground, and everything is green instead of yellow. But here I can creep smoothly on the floor, and my shoulder just fits in that long smooch around the wall, so I cannot lose my way.- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper

Free Essays on Gilligans Island Revisited and Epitaph of Ginger Taub

Epitaph of Ginger Taub The recent disappearance of my wife, Ginger Taub, while on a cruise to an island off the pacific, which was popularized by a 1960’s TV show, has brought us all here today. It is hard to believe that she drowned after falling overboard, as she was always such a strong swimmer and in a previous career was even a lifeguard. She was a wonderful wife to me and was very active in getting over involved in her children, Keith, Zak, Matt and Jonathan’s lives. Ginger wasn’t always as persistent about her appearance or even that of her career as many thought, but she was very involved in Hollywood gossip as she always made sure to read the tabloids while standing in line at the grocery store. She would often argue with me over the fact that I subscribe to every golf and car magazine known to man, but then she herself had subscriptions to â€Å"People† and â€Å"TV Guide†. I would like to mention that I am looking for a new home for her parrot, Jake. It seems that he has memorized all those stories she loved to tell over and over again. Somehow she never could forget anything I or anyone else had done, good or bad, however, she couldn’t remember we had all heard those stories before. I also want to thank those of you here today that have shared your thoughts such as that of Mr. Howell who stated he admired Ginger’s frugality and that she was always meticulous of where every dollar went. This will definitely be a benefit as I will now be able to live in a lifestyle I had only dreamed about previously. Many of Ginger’s professors from college have come up to me and told me of her enthusiasm and outspokenness that she often expressed in the classroom. Her attendance was almost perfect only one missed day in four semesters, boy it was great getting her out of the house for a few hours each week. Even to my surprise the â€Å"Harlem Globetrotters† sent a lovely bouquet of flowers and a note that read, w... Free Essays on Gilligan's Island Revisited and Epitaph of Ginger Taub Free Essays on Gilligan's Island Revisited and Epitaph of Ginger Taub Epitaph of Ginger Taub The recent disappearance of my wife, Ginger Taub, while on a cruise to an island off the pacific, which was popularized by a 1960’s TV show, has brought us all here today. It is hard to believe that she drowned after falling overboard, as she was always such a strong swimmer and in a previous career was even a lifeguard. She was a wonderful wife to me and was very active in getting over involved in her children, Keith, Zak, Matt and Jonathan’s lives. Ginger wasn’t always as persistent about her appearance or even that of her career as many thought, but she was very involved in Hollywood gossip as she always made sure to read the tabloids while standing in line at the grocery store. She would often argue with me over the fact that I subscribe to every golf and car magazine known to man, but then she herself had subscriptions to â€Å"People† and â€Å"TV Guide†. I would like to mention that I am looking for a new home for her parrot, Jake. It seems that he has memorized all those stories she loved to tell over and over again. Somehow she never could forget anything I or anyone else had done, good or bad, however, she couldn’t remember we had all heard those stories before. I also want to thank those of you here today that have shared your thoughts such as that of Mr. Howell who stated he admired Ginger’s frugality and that she was always meticulous of where every dollar went. This will definitely be a benefit as I will now be able to live in a lifestyle I had only dreamed about previously. Many of Ginger’s professors from college have come up to me and told me of her enthusiasm and outspokenness that she often expressed in the classroom. Her attendance was almost perfect only one missed day in four semesters, boy it was great getting her out of the house for a few hours each week. Even to my surprise the â€Å"Harlem Globetrotters† sent a lovely bouquet of flowers and a note that read, w...

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Resource Management - Essay Example The paper tells that human resource management entails the acquisition, motivation and management of people resources within the organization. Human resource management is proactive and main functions include manpower planning, recruitment and selection, motivation, training and development, benefits administration, performance appraisal and counseling of employees. The primary responsibilities of the human resource manager are to develop thorough understanding of the corporate plans and policies, initiate and facilitate change within the department, act as internal change agent, facilitate team building, participate in overall corporate strategic formulation, diagnose training needs and develop training materials and methods, monitor employee performance and establish reward criteria within the organization. However, ineffective human resource management can lead to low employee morale and motivation, decreased employee productivity and high turnover levels within the organization. Ineffective human policies lead to unfair compensation and lack of training and development opportunities which lead to boredom of work. Ineffective human policies cannot identify the manpower requirements of the company such as the skill gaps. Such policies lead to increased accidents in the workplace and high training and recruitment costs. Such policies discourage team building and informal groups among the employees. Effective management of human resources will reduce the chances of employee grievances and conflicts with management hence minimal likelihood of business operations stoppage due to strike and union actions (Amos, Ristow, and Ristow 300). Case study 2 As the human resource of the company, I was tasked with improving the staff morale, enhance training and ensure compliance with the existing rules and regulations which govern employment and workplace environment. I interviewed all the 25 full time employees and analyzed and compiled their responses as follows. 1. 70 % of the employees indicated that they needed more training opportunities. a) 45 % of the 70% wanted further training on health and safety measures in the workplace. b) 30% of the 70% need training on modern communication technologies and computer application skills. c) 12% of the 70% need training on human relations and communication skills. 2. 90% of the employees indicated they were unsatisfied with the compensation packages like salaries offered by the company. 3. 60% percent felt that job tenure was not guaranteed even after satisfactory performance appraisals. 4. 40% of the respondents would like the company to offer insurance packages, transport allowance and counseling services a) 25% would like to have disability insurance. b) 39% would like the company to offer free transport services and transport allowances. c) 40% percent would like the company to offer pension services to employees d) 16% would like the company to establish recreational facilities, medical facilities and child care facilities within the company. 5. 75% indicated that they were uncomfortable with the performance appraisals. a) 37% indicated that immediate supervisors were not concerned with quality of services offered. b) 60% complained not to receive immediate feedbacks after their performance evaluations. c) 58% indicated that performance appra

Why dog food quality matters Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Why dog food quality matters - Research Paper Example Many famous personalities are seen to have publicly endorse the keeping of dogs and other animals. An important part of the care of the dogs is providing them with adequate nutrition and the quality of the food given to them should be maintained. When it comes to the nutritional needs and shelter necessities of the animal, then the crucial task of getting what is best for the dog lies ahead. Different dogs have different needs and not to mention even the same breed of dogs can differ in their demands. Pet owners face difficulty in choosing things that are best for their dog and suit them accordingly. Dog food is another major issue that the owners have to be careful about. In the market there are various sorts of brands and products available that claim to be the best for household dogs but can actually cause more harm than good to the canine kept. The basic key of it all is understanding the needs of the dog and then catering to it accordingly. It is seen that dogs might be different in needs, so it is necessary that the dog in question is not a test subject rather the keepers should know what it wants and why does it want that. Every dog owner faces nutritional need questions and has a hard time figuring out what exactly d oes the pet want to survive and perform at its best. While any dog food can cater to the canine hunger, there are some specific things to be kept in mind that help in establishing a good health. Dogs need proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals to survive. (National Research Council 2). All of these are needed in the canine system so that it actively performs and does not get ill or is susceptible to illness. The second most important thing is keeping a check of when to feed the dog kept in the household. Most dogs are trained into asking for food when they get hungry and owners usually establish timings for feeding but keep in mind that do not over feed or under feed the canine as it can impact the health and over all

The effects of lead contamination on fetal brain development Essay

The effects of lead contamination on fetal brain development - Essay Example Continuous exposure will fix lead to the bone in areas where the most growth is occurring. The half life of lead in the blood is 35 days, it remains in soft tissue for 40 days and is then stored in the bones for 20 or 30 years (Cullen et al, pg 9). The lead levels may not reflect an accurate count of the total lead in the system as lead is released when calcium declines and soldiers with shrapnel wounds may have resurfacing lead return to the bloodstream. Lead exposure can happen in some unusual ways such as having consumed homemade liquor or moonshine or from chewing on an imported toy. 90% of ingested lead is eliminated unabsorbed (Cullen et al pg 10). Children are also more susceptible to lead poisoning as they have less bone density than adults and thus the lead remains stored in soft tissues producing toxic effects (Cullen et al, pg 10). Osteoporosis can also lead to elevated blood levels as the decreased calcium releases the lead back to blood and soft tissue. "The effects of lead poisoning on the brain are manifold and include delayed or reversed development, learning disabilities, seizures, coma and even death (Marcus, pg 2). Adults with lead poisoning suffer from depression, aggression, low sperm counts and underweight babies. The problem is world wide and crosses all economic backgrounds with greater percentages in poor areas. The numbers of lead poisoning cases in children has declined over the decades since lead paint was banned and plumbing codes have been updated, however, it remains a concern for low income families living in older buildings in need of renovation. The pregnant women could absorb lead through the water supply and if... Lead contamination is not a phenomenon of the past and lead poisoning in newborns and young children still prevails. Old buildings are filled with outdated plumbing and leaded paint, parents work in lead related occupations and cultural traditions often use lead tainted home remedies.Through education and case management the Maternal Child nurse can use his/her role to prevent and provide early detection and treatment in lead poisoning. Lead poisoning is the most serious chronic environmental illness affecting children in spite of interventions to prevent it and cases of lead poisoning still present at hospitals and clinics in the twenty-first century. The Maternal Child nurse can aid the childbearing family with physical assessments, teaching self care and nutrition, environmental assessments, family teaching and fetal assessment. The guidance offered during the pregnancy and post partum newborn period can serve to prevent unnecessary exposure and absorption of lead. Parents can be made aware of the risks of lead exposure and the importance of early intervention and treatment for the child. While lead products are still being produced, many older buildings have outdated plumbing and ethnic products may contain lead, the Maternal Child nurse can offer services and support to decrease the numbers of poor children with lead poisoning. Monitoring of the home environment, education and case management can ensure that fewer babies are born with impaired brain functions leading to a life time of physical and behavior problems.

Individual Learner Differences In Second Language Acquisition English Language Essay

Individual Learner Differences In Second Language Acquisition English Language Essay Introduction Language is defined by scholarly linguists as a part of growing up (Cook 2001, p. 46). It is an element of culture regarded as providing motivation to individuals in its own right. It has also been identified as necessary for effective communication and integration into a particular environment. I noted that second languages are different from the primary languages. Second language learning involves some form off acquisition. This is a process by which an individual can effectively learn a second language also known as an additional language. Cook (2001, pp. 41 48) argued that learning second languages requires some form of motivation (2001, p.43). Motivation in this context involves encouraging the individual to overcome all challenges in pursuit of learning another language. Mostly, individuals undergo the hustles of learning a second language for them to conform to the immediate environment. In this paper, I explore Individual learner differences in Second Language acquisition (SLA). I apply Gardners socio-educational model in discussing second language acquisition. The paper also details the significance of motivation and its impact on learning second languages. It applies motivation as the learners orientation regarding learning a second language. The paper divides motivation into two basic types including integrative and instrumental. It relates integrative motivation as being dependent on the positive attitudes of the learner. On the other hand, it relates instrumental motivation as being influenced by a reward in learning second languages. Both forms of motivation in this paper are analyzed and researched to establish the impact of motivation on second language acquisition. The essay will be structured into subsections with a flow expounding on the relevance of motivation as one element that explains individual learner difference in second language acquisition. The first part explains a general overview of individual learner differences. The second part integrates the models of motivation including the works conducted by Gardner and clement in analysing motivations impact on SLA. The last subsection is an overview of the Chilean cultural setting and its impact of motivation for second language learners. This is followed by some suggestions and recommendations of how motivations can be cultivated within such a cultural setting. Individual learner differences in SLA There are diverse learner differences in learning a second language. For one, in learning a second language, there must be the involvement of a second or even a third party. The second party assists in disseminating the knowledge to the individual who wants to learn the language. However, The process of second language acquisition is dependent on what the learner does and very little on what teachers does (Schmitt 2002, p.50). The goals of the individual also bring out the individual learner differences. In learning a second language, some individuals go for communicative competence. This might include basic communication skills, which is the main goal of the individual. I am of the view that the goal of an individual learner is critical because it determines what level the individual has the will to go in learning a second language. My analysis of current debates on SLA reveals that they have embarked on individual differences. Doman (2006) contributed vast literature on this topic asserting that not a single individual is similar to the other physically, psychologically or mentally. Therefore, these differences reveal the reason why individuals learn second languages differently. He supports Piagets theory of cognitive development, which asserts that the human mind is different from the other even in the process of learning. Therefore, I argue that problems, frustrations and challenges as being part of SLA affect the individuals differently. The individuals differ in the way they handle such issues, which ultimately determines how they learn a second language. Generally, Individual learner differences are evident in SLA, explanations have been provided by major scholars in this context. However, the ideal way to explain these differences is through developing an understanding of some of the models espoused by scholars on motivation and SLA. Conversely, second languages are difficult to learn, which has been a huge challenge for many individuals. Motivation is therefore defined as critical in the entire process. Motivation is defined by major scholars including Hedge (2000, pp. 17 28), Ellis (2005, pp. 305-352), McDonough (2007, pp. 369-371) and Celce-Murcia (2002, pp. 119-134) as the psychological quality essential for fostering individual goal achievement. Therefore, I can argue that in second language acquisitions, language proficiency is the main goal. The individuals desire to master a language is the main goal, which motivates him or her to work towards its achievement. Scholars have supported this argument by asserting that coaches can motivate learners and vice versa in the process of learning. With such assertion, there is a clear view that motivation varies between individuals. An individual is therefore unique in his own way depending on his or her stipulated goal of learning the second language. Motivation is also a transitive concept. In this context, the coach motivates the learners and their reception also motivates the coach to teach the language. Gottlieb (2006, pp. 56) asserted that the long-drawn out process of learning a second language is the reason why individual differences exist in SLA. In his article on Teaching and Researching Motivation, Dornyei (2001, pp. 28 30) argued that people have diverse cognitive behaviours. In this case, individuals respond differently to diverse environments. Therefore, it is arguable that individuals always differ in their reception to language learning situations. The book by Lightbown Spada (1993, p.135) also supported this notion asserting that individuals have diverse preferences. The environment in itself is a great determinant of the diverse response by individuals, and this has a great impact in language learning. Conversely, I argue that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation determines the level of individual learning. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations subject the individual to a particular level of acceptance in second language acquisition. In the same light, individuals handle intrinsic and extrinsic pressures differently, which makes them different in the way they learn a second language. Ellis (2005, pp. 305-352) supported these arguments by writing an article on individual differences in second language learning. He was of the view that an individual is subjective to internal and external pressures even in the process of learning a language. Earlier, Skehan (1991, pp. 12 19) had written a book on Individual differences in second-language learning. He was of the same view. It is therefore notable that the way the individual handles these pressures is what determines the level of success in second language learning. Models of Second Language Acquisition For decades, studies of motivation as a factor of SLA have covered issues related to reasons for learning. Empirical evidence from major case studies reveals that most of the people strive to acquire a second language in order to integrate with the speech an identified community. Research over the last thirty years has ignored the role of motivation in SLA (Mitchell and Myles 2004, p.71 85). However, other scholars have concentrated on motivation as a determinant factor in SLA. I therefore note that motivation is viewed as being affected by various issues in the process of SLA. Some of these issues include demands of self-instruction, overwhelming requirements, and challenges of coping with the new materials and personal progress assessment, inadequacy of feedback, among other frustrations. In this context, the individual is either motivated or de-motivated into learning a second language. Mitchell and Myles (2004, pp. 71 85) identified Gardners model of SLA as covering major issues in the area of motivation. Gardners works were influenced by Mowrer (1950) who had earlier discussed more on first language acquisition. My argument draws that the success of learning a language is attributed to the desire to learn it. A child struggles to learn a language to gain identity within the family. The objective is similar to Gardners argument who asserted that acceptance into the wider language community fosters the need to learn a new language. Using this argument Gardners model aimed at investigating second language acquisition and how motivates influences the same. Before examining motivation as an element that has an impact on second language learning, Gardner acknowledged that it is a single variable that is subject to other factors. My point is that motivation alone does not affect the SLA process. The socio-educational model as espoused by Gardner identified several facto rs that also influence language learning. Gardners model identified a structured classroom setting as the main setting for learning a second language. He prefers the foreign language classroom as compared to a natural setting arguing that the earlier is dependent more on motivation. Second Language acquisition is therefore pertinent to many issues and factors. Like Gardner argues, his model interrelate second language acquisition with at least four features including individual learner differences, social and cultural milieu, the setting in which learning process is facilitated and the linguistic outcomes (Gardner 1982). The social or cultural milieu is the immediate environment where the learner is situated. Cook (2001, pp. 41 48) was of the view that, the learners environment subjects him or her to beliefs about a particular language or culture. I also analyze that beliefs impact the way and individual perceives the language and his or her willingness to learn a new language. Gardner gave an example of Britain as a monocultural setting. In this context, the British have a notion that they are the superior culture. Therefore, they do not acknowledge learning another language as critical. Rather, they have a notion that other minority cultures should learn thei r language and assimilate into the system. This culture instils these believes in the context of becoming the dominant language of the country. Larsen-Freeman (2001, pp. 12-24) noted that there are many cultures across the globe, which regards themselves as mighty cultures. In this context, they tend to influence other cultures other than assimilating into them. Therefore, individuals within the majority culture are lowly motivated to learn new languages. Patsy and Nina (2006, pp. 86 102) regarded these cultures as monocultural communities. However, Gardners social and cultural milieu applies differently in other countries. I have come to note that in some countries such as Canada and Australia, bilingualism and biculturalism is encouraged among the people. The society is therefore motivated into acquiring new languages. On the other hand, Gottlieb (2006, pp. 52 76) supported this notion noting that the social settings develop certain attitudes towards learning another language. I assume that these attitudes are the basis of an individuals motivation towards learning another language. The second phase of the model discusses individual differences including intelligence, motivation variable, language aptitude, and situational anxiety (Giles and Coupland 1991). These variables differ from one setting to the other and are closely interrelated. Mitchell and Myles (2004, pp. 71 85) argued that it is critical for second language teachers to set the learning places appropriately for effective learning to take place. Two contexts are identified in discussion the setting. They include formal instruction and unstructured language acquisition. The identified variables have diverse impacts depending on the context. For instance, intelligence and aptitude influence the formal setting within a classroom. On the other hand anxiety and motivation are variables which have an impact on both the formal and informal setting. Gardners model explains the final phase of SLA as linguistic and non-linguistic outcomes. The linguistic outcomes are regarded as the actual language including the skills and knowledge acquired. Hurd, Beaven, and 2001, pp. 341-355) supported the definition by giving examples of linguistic outcomes as including test indices such as proficiency tests. On the other hand Dornyei (2001, pp. 28 30) defines non-linguistic outcomes as the attitudes, which an individual develops towards the language. This is subject to the values and beliefs of the individual. Therefore I can argue that integrating both the linguistic and non-linguistic outcomes develops success in SLA. It develops a form of motivation and an individual can develop a higher degree of L2 proficiency. Gardners model asserted that motivation is composed of three elements. The identified elements include effort, affect and desire. He describes effort as an individuals devotion in terms of time and resources used. Desire on the o ther hand is the willingness to acquire L2 proficiency. Finally, effect includes the response of the individual pertinent to the emotional reactions with regard to SLA. An almost similar model of SLA is espoused by Clement. Clementss Model of motivation espouses that self-confidence is the most critical element in motivation of SLA. The model asserts that, it is critical for individuals to develop self-confidence when learning a second language. Therefore learning a second language is hugely challenging. Conversely, any level of success is dependent on how much an individual is willing to commit him into the process. In this context, it depends with the level of sacrifice that an individual can sustain in order to achieve a desired goal. In a book titled how languages are learned Lightbown Spada (1993, p.135) argued that self-confidence motivates an individual to achieve the ultimate goal of learning a new language. The individual is successful in learning a new language by developing own initiatives. These initiatives develop from the individuals confidence to learn a language and the persistence even with the challenges involves. The individual is therefore the determinant of how he or she learns a language. I have come to value the assertion that the level of persistence and confidence in learning the second language structures the trend of learning a new language. Having understood the models of motivation in SLA, it is critical to develop this context and apply it within a cultural setting. Applying the models brings out the real sense and understanding of the types of motivates and the existent challenges. It also gives an opportunity to understand how these challenges can be overcome to support second language learning. The Chilean cultural setting has been identified in this discussion as critical for assessing motivation as a critical element of language and acquisition. Chilean Cultural Setting and SLA The Chilean cultural setting is evident of low attendance in classes. In this context, the students are lowly motivated to learn English as a second language. Low attendance in classes means that the individual students do not ascribe to the goal of learning second languages. They are not motivated to attend classes, which challenges the process of learning a second language. In the same line of argument teachers are also lowly motivated by the students behaviour. They are therefore tired of devoting their time to teaching in these classes. A Chilean teacher works for over 44 hours a week in front of a class, which is quite tiring because they do not have enough time to rest. The teachers therefore are unmotivated in delivering class lessons. Therefore, they do not have the zeal to motivate students in learning. The huge classes in Chilean contexts are also a huge challenge for both teachers and students in the process of learning. The class population is between 38 and 45 students p er class, which is a huge number that a single teacher can handle. In this context, both teachers and students are unmotivated in the learning process. In considering learning English as a second language, the Chilean context is quite difficult. Within the system, English classes take only 90 minutes per week. This is less time compared to other lessons and the time assigned for the same. The time assigned for learning English as a second language is not enough to deliver effective learning. Time therefore, limits both the teachers and the students in the process of learning a second language. It is also a big challenge for students to learn English as a second language because they have low levels of interest. The learners also portray a negative attitude toward English learning, which is an indication that learners are hugely challenged. Students within this culture do not consider English as a useful tool for everyday life. They tend to value their local language more to English, which is an aspect that challenged the process of learning a second language. The remote geographical location of the country is also a huge challenge f or SLA because the Chileans cannot access other English-speaking countries easily. They are therefore entrenched into the same culture without external influences, which could provoke a need for SLA. Types of Motivation in SLA There are diverse forms of motivation which can be applied within the Chilean context in handling the issue of second language acquisition. The three mostly identified types of motivation include integrative, instrumental motivation and integrative vs. instrumental motivation. Integrative Motivation Mitchell and Myles (2004, pp. 71 85) identified motivation as the learners orientation regard his or her goal of learning a second language. In this line of argument, it was identified that students who develop interest in learning a second language become more successful. There is need to develop huge interest among Chilean students in learning a second language. Celce-Murcia (2002, pp. 119-134) argued that the idea is to enforce an integration of cultures in order to provoke need for learning a second language. The students need to be provoked to admire another culture for them to develop an interest of learning another language. The students would also be provoked to integrate into the wider society and this entails learning a second language. This is what Doughty (2001, pp. 206-257) regards as integrative motivation. Integrative motivation assists the learner to develop and increase language proficiency for him or her to integrate into the system. This kind of motivation forces the individual to operate socially and become a part of the vast community. In an EFL setting such as Chile it is critical to develop an understanding of the term integrative. As Hudson (2000, pp. 18 25) suggests, integrative motivation develops when an individual desires to become bilingual in nature. This is the same as becoming bicultural and living within the limits of the two cultures. Skehan (1991, pp. 12 19) argued that the ultimate result is to add another language to the identity of the learner. As Chile is more of a monocultural society, the biggest challenge is to engage integrative motivation in order to overcome the challenges involved in (L2) acquisition. Instrumental Motivation Doughty (2001, pp. 206-257) concentrated more on explaining instrumental motivation. He argued that this type of motivation is in contrast to integrative motivation. The major characteristics of this kind of motivation are individual desires to obtain something practical after learning a second language (Mitchell and Myles 2004, pp. 71 85). In the Chilean context, this type of motivation can be applied diversely. Within this culture, globalization has led to the introduction of new companies. Within these companies, most of the employees have to be outsourced locally. With English being mandatory as a requirement when applying for these jobs, the Chileans can be motivated to learn it as a second language. Hedge (2000, pp. 17 28) noted that instrumental motivation is provoked by issues such as job application, graduation in various institutions and other work related issues including pay rise. It might be the desire of individuals to learn a second language but circumstances force t hem to do it and even equip them to handle challenges. With students in the Chilean context not willing to learn a new language, the introduction of English as a requirement for graduation would be a motivating factor to learn it as a second language. It is my view that this type of motivation is ambitious in nature and compelling. The individual learner has a choice to avoid it but external pressures are too strong and compel him or her to learn the second language. Conversely, integrative and instrumental motivation has been identified as both applicable in different context. When applied appropriately, both types of motivation lead to certain levels of success. However, integrative motivation is regarded by Ehrman and DÃ ¶rnyei (1998, pp. 34 41) as ideal for long-term success in second language learning. Integrative motivation works best in both formal and informal situations. Within the natural setting and the classroom situation, integrative motivation is better compared to instrumental motivation. Dornyei (2001, pp. 28 30) identified instrumental motivation as weak because it sometimes does not reflect the individual will to learn. Individuals in this case rely more on circumstances than their will to learn. It is a short term type of motivation and thus not very effective. Conclusion Various scholars have identified that there are individual learner difference in second language acquisition. As part of culture, language is described as an element of growing up. Language is also regarded as an element of culture that provides motivation to individuals in its own right. Just like any other cultural element, language is acquired differently from one individual to another. A similar case has been identified for second languages. In learning second languages, motives, goals and motivation have been identified and developing differences among individuals. In learning second languages integrative and instrumental types of motivation influence the individual differently. On the other hand, individuals conceptualize these types of motivation differently. Gardners socio-educational model, Clementss Model of motivation and Piagets theory of cognitive development, explain into detail how motivation influences SLA. The broad argument is that there is a great correlation betwe en SLA and motivation. Motivation is a variable that determines the level and success of learning a second language.

The Sherpa of Nepal Essay -- Culture Economy Papers

The Sherpa of Nepal â€Å"Sherpa†, a term derived from words meaning â€Å"people† and â€Å"east†, refers to a cultural groupthat numbers about 35,000 and whose members occupy parts of India, Nepal, Tibet and Bhutan (Sherpa Friendship Asscn,1999:1), though most groups are found in Nepal (Stevens 1993: 31). It is generally understood that the Sherpa came to Nepal from eastern Tibet about 500 years ago (www.rip.physics.unk.edu/Nepal/NPE 1999:2). This research paper will focus on the Nepalese Sherpa. It will explore socio-ecological aspects of their lives, including their cultural and ecological adaptations. In addition, it will highlight changes in Sherpa culture and the relationship brought about by outside influences. Nepal is a relatively small country, 100 miles wide by 500 miles long. The southern border is tropical with rich soils, flora and fauna; making this region of Nepal densely populated by humans (Bishop 1998:10). The mountainous region, however, is more sparsely populated. It is the Sherpa who populate these mountains, specifically the middle Himalayan range (Bishop 1998:11). Most Sherpa settlements are found at altitudes of 3,000 to 6,000 meters. These high altitude environments are prone to unpredictable climatic and geomorphological conditions. Growing seasons are short, and there is often the risk of early frosts or snowstorms. The slopes are steep and farming and grazing is often difficult (Stevens 1993: 57). However, despite these challenges, the Sherpa have managed to subsist in their environment by employing a system of agro-pastoralism. This method combines stationary village agriculture with a nomadic system of herding (Bishop 1998:25). This way of life has been crucial to Sherpa survival. The Sherpa prac... ...olyandry: Kinship, Domesticity, and Population on the Tibetan Border. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. Ortner, Sherry B. 1989. High Religion: A Cultural and Political History of Sherpa Buddhism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Ortner, Sherry B. 1978. Sherpas through their rituals. London: Cambridge University Press. Savada, Andrea Matles. 1993. Nepal And Bhutan: Country Studies. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office. Sherpa Friendship Association. Sherpa Facts. . February 17, 1999. Stevens, Stanley F. 1993. Claiming the Higher Ground: Sherpas, Subsistence, and Environmental Change in the Highest Himalaya. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press. Stonor, Charles. 1955. The Sherpa and the Snowman. London: Hollis & Carter. Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles, The. . February 17, 1999.

Masters in Marketing Management Question Papers

Question Papers 2007 Semester ? I Sub Code| Subject Name| 2007| 2007| 101| P P M| May| Oct| 102| Principles of Marketing| May| Oct| 103| Fundamental of Management Accounting| May| Oct| 104| Managerial Economics| May| Oct| 105| Research Methodology| May| Oct| 106| Consumer Behaviour| May| Oct| Semester ? II Sub Code| Subject Name| 2007| 2007| 201| Service Marketing| May| Oct| 202| Retail Marketing| May| Oct| 203| Sales Management & Personnel Selling | May| Oct| 204| Distribution Management & Logistics| May| Oct| 205| Marketing Research| May| Oct| 206| Relationship Marketing| May| Oct|Semester ? III Sub Code| Subject Name| 2007| 2007| 301| International Marketing| May| Oct| 302| Marketing and The Laws| May| Oct| 303| Financial Services Marketing| May| Oct| 304| Integrated Marketing Communication| May| Oct| 305| Retail Operation Management| May| Oct| 306| | May| Oct| Semester ? IV Sub Code| Subject Name| 2007| 2007| 401| Brand Management| May| Oct| 402| Strategic Marketing| May| Oct| 403| Export Documentation & Forex Marketing| May| Oct| 404| Direct Marketing| May| Oct| 405| Industrial Marketing| May| Oct| 406| Rural & Agricultural Marketing| May| Oct| Total No. f questions :7 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-101 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 PRINCIPLE AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Attempt all question Q. 1)Define Management. Explain Henry Fayols Principle of management [20] OR Q. 1) Explain the term of Motivation along with its significance to organizational productivity . Discuss the Maslaws Theory of need of hierarchy in detail. Q. 2) Explain the basic function of management.Do these function vary from industry to industry? Explain. OR Q. 2) Explain in detail Management Thoughts from the industrial revolution to knowledge based society of 21st century. Q. 3) Discuss the various leadership styles along with examples. OR Q. 3) Explain the Dynamics of Group Behavior. Do the group i nfluence on individual and group decision- making? Explain. Q. 4) Write short notes (Any four) a)Corporate social responsibility b)Hawthrone Experiments c)Quality Circles d)Perception e)The Self Concept and Self Esteem ————————————————- f)Shaping of personality Semester ITotal No. of questions :6 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-102 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 PRINCIPLRS OF MARKETING (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Attempt any 5 question 2) each carry equal mark Q1)Chanel decisions cannot be taken without referrringto the PLC stage of a product Critically examine the statement with example Q2) The modern Marketing Manager has to play more responsible and versatile role as compared to Traditional Marketing Manager CommentQ3)Design Marketing Mix stategy for the following product: (a)Milk based Soft Drink (b)Electric Shaver Q4)You want to launch new product of Ayurvedic Dantamanjan . What are the different step you will take to promote this product? Why? Q5)What are the different objective of Advertising? Explain with examples and applicability with respect to PLC? Q6)Write short note on any two: (a)Ethics in Marketing (b)Industrial Vs Consumer Market (c)Product Packaging ————————————————- (d)Online Marketing Semester I Total No. of questions :8 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 2 178-103 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 FUDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMEN ACCOUNTING (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Attempt any 2 question from each section 2) Figures to the right indicate full marks. SECTION-I Q 1)How is Prime cost different from marginal cost? State the element of cost including in the two types of cost indicating there significance in cost accounting? Q 2) Explain various methods of segr egating fixed and variable overhead costs? Q 3)What are the various methods of pricing material issue?When do you advocate pricing the issue at cost price based on the last in first out method? Q 4) ? A good system of costing serves as a mean of control over the expenditure and helps to secure economy in manufacture? Discuss? SECTION-II Q 5)From the following information for the month of January prepare a cost sheet to show the following components 1 . prime cost 2 . factor cost 3 . cost of production 4 . total cost Direct material 57000 Direct wages 28500 Factory rent and rates 2500 Office rent and rates 500 Plant repair and maintenance 1000 Plant description 1250 Factory managers salary 2000Office salary 1600 Directors remuneration 1500 Telephone and postage 200 Printing and stationary 100 Legal charges 150 Advertising 1500 Salesman salary 2500 Showroom rent 500 Sales 116000 Q 6. )following particulars related to production department of factory for the month of june are , Materia l used 80000 Direct wages 72000 Direct labour hours worked 20000 Hours of machine operation 25000 Overhead charges 90000 Cost data of particular order carried out in the above department during the june are given below Material used 8000Direct wages 6200 Labour hours 3300 Machine hour 2400 What would be the factory cost of the work order under the following method of charging overheads? Q 7) per unit cost structure of single product manufacturing company as below Selling price 100 Direct material 60 Direct labour 10 Variable overhead 10 Number of unit sold in the year are 5035 as per agreement with the employee union there will be an increase of 10% in direct wages Calculate; (1)how many more unites have to be sold next year to maintain some quantum of profits. (2)By what percentage selling price has to be raised to maintain the same P/V ratio ?Q 8) white a short note (any four) 1) Transfer pricing 2) pricing of issue 3) financial accounting VS cost accounting 4) prerequisite of mat erial purchase ————————————————- 5)labour cost Semester ? I Total No. of questions :7 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-104 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Attempt any 5 question 2) each carry equal mark Q1)What is Managerial Economics?Explain the relationship of Micro Economics with Managerial Economics. Q2)Define Product Function Explain Increasing, Constant and Decreasing Return to scale. Q3)(a)Describe characteristic features of Oligopoly. (b)Why Perfect Competiton is socially and economically describe? Q4)What is cost Benefit Analysis? Explain its practical significance. Q5)(A)Explain break-even analysis. (B) Justify the need of Government? s Intervention in the Market Economy. Q6)Discuss Pricing Method followed by the Business Firm. Q7)Write note on (any two) (a)Type of Demand Ela sticity (b)Merits and Demerits of Co-operative society (c)Privet Good Vs Public Good ———————————————— (d)Economic Liberalization Semester ? I Total No. of questions :7 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-105 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Question 1 &6 arecompulsary 2) attempt any 3 from remaining. Q1)Attempt any two: (a)Explain various steps involved in the Research Process. (b)Represent the following data by a Pie Chart:t ITEMMaterialLabourFuelOverheadsExpenditure in Rs. 150020004000500 (c) Elaborate different type of Research Designs. Q2)Explain the merits and demerits of ? Questionnaire Method?. Also explain the essentials of a Good Questionnaire. (3)What is Experimental Method? Explain different types of experiment al Methods of Pointing out their merits and demerits. Q4)(A)Expl ain various sources of secondary data (B)Explain the Layout of aTable. Q5)Explain the layout and essential qualities of Research report. Q6)Write Short Notes On: (a)Validity in Measurement (b)Observation (c)Pictogram (d)Qualities of a Workable Hypothesis (e)Sampling and Non-sampling erros ———————————————— (f)Editing of Data Semester ? I Total No. of questions :6 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-106 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Attempt any 5 question 2) each carry equal mark Q1)Using the concept of Consumer Dictated Product Development, explain how you would launch a new product in the market? Q2)What are the factors which influence a Consumer? s Decision-making Process?Explain with the help of an example. Q3)How does consumer decision making change as purchase involvement increases? Q 4)Discuss the psychological factor influencing Consumer Behaviour with suitable examples. Q5)Explain any one model of Consumer Behviour with suitable examples. Q6)Write short notes on any two (a) Consumerism (b)Personality and self concept ————————————————- (c)Extent of reference group influence Oct 2007 . [3278]-101 M. M. M. (Semester – I) Examination – 2007 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT Time: 3 Hours]:[Max. Marks: 70 Instruction: (1) All questions are compulsory.Q. l) Define Management. Explain: F. W. Taylor is known as ‘Father of Scientific Management'. [20] OR Q. l) What is Corporate Social Responsibility? Does it contribute to increase the Goodwill of the Organization. Explain with example. [20] Q. 2) Explain McGregor's Theory of Work Motivation and discuss its application in Industry. [15] OR Q. 2) Discuss various components of Management Process in brief. [15] Q. 3) Discuss various Leadership Traits of an effective leader. [15] OR Q. 3) Explain the Process of Team Building and elaborate the principles of effective Team Work. [15] Q. ) Write short notes: (Any Four) [20] a) Group Dynamics b) Knowledge Workers c) TQM d) Functions of Top Management e) Role of Individual Behaviour in Organization f) Various Approaches to Management ******************************************************* Semester ? I Oct 2007 [3278]-102 M. M. M. (Semester ? I) PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: 1) Answer any five questions. 2) All questions carry equal marks. 3) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary. Q. ) ? Marketing has evolved a great deal since the early days of distribution and sales orientation.? Discuss.. . Q. 2) A cellular phone manufacturing company has produced some models with different brands. Explain how you will build the brand equity through advertising. Q. 3) What do you mean by t he term ? Distribution Intensity Illustrate your answer. Q. 4) Explain how technological, political and socio-cultural factors affect the Advertising Style and Process. Q. 5) Explain the concept of PLC. Discuss how and why the relative importance and various elements of Marketing Mix will change with a product? stage in the PLC. Q. 6) Write short notes on any two: (a) Obstacles to Marketing Control (b) Marketing Audit (c) New Trends in Packaging (d) Marketing Process ************************************************************ Semester ? I Oct 2007 [3278]-103 M. M. M. (Semester – I) Examination – 2007 FUNDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: 1) Question No. 1 is compulsory. 2) Attempt any two questions from section 1 and section II each . 3) Figures to the right indicate marks. ) Use of simple calculator is allowed. Q. l) Define Management Accounting and state its limitations. [10] SECTION – I Q. 2) What do you understan d by the tenns Break-even Point, Contribution and Margin of Safety? Explain your answer by drawing a chart with assumed figures. [15] Q. 3) Explain various steps in which a raw material moves in a manufacturing organization till it gets consumed in the. production. Give the fonnat of various documents which are prepared in the process. ‘ [15] Q. 4) What is the meaning of Budget and Budgetary Control?State and explain various budgets which can be established in the following functional areas of operation: [15] (1) Sales / Marketing (2) Finance Q. 5) Write short notes on : (Any Three) [05Ãâ€"03=15] a) Transfer Pricing b) Sunk Cost and Opportunity Cost c) Advantages of Standard Costing d) Cost Unit and Cost Centre SECTION – II Q. 6) Following figures are extracted from the accounts of MIs. Kishor Co. for the month of June, 2005 : [15] Production Depts. Service Depts. | | | | PI| P2| SI| S2| S3| | (Rs. )| (Rs. )| (Rs. )| (Rs. ) (Rs. ) (Rs. )| Indirect Material| | 280| 140| 170| 350| 160| Indirect Wages| | 324| 312| 296| 190| 218| Power and Light| 3,000| | | | | | Supervision Charges| 2,200| | | | | | Rent and Taxes| 500| | | | | | Insurance on Assets| ro| | | | | | Depreciation at 12% p. a. on capital value of assets to be considered. From the above infQrmation and the following departmental data, prepare overhead recovery rates for the production department PI and P2 on the basis of direct labour hours.The expenses of service departments should be apportioned straight to the production department, with the information that S 1 is tool room, S2 is maintenance department and S3 is stores department. Departmental Data| PI| P2| 81| 82| 83| Area (Sq. ft)| 400| 200| 100| 200| 100| Capital Value of Assets (Rs. )| 8,000| 4,000| 7,000| 5,000| 6,000| Kilowatt Hours| 4,000| 3,000| 1,000| 1,000| 1,000| Number of Employees| 150| 100| 75| 100| 125| Direct Labour Hours| 5,000| 5,000| | | | Number of Requisitions| 1,000| 300| | | | Q. 7) Following transactions have taken place in respect of a material duringMarch, 2001 : [15] Date 1 Opening Balance 500 units @ Rs. 6 per unit 5 Purchased 100 units @ Rs. 7 per unit 7 Issued 400 units 9 Purchased 300 units @ Rs. 8 per unit 19 Issued 250 units 22 Issued 50 units 25 Purchased 300 units @ Rs. 7. 50 per unit 30 Issued 250 units Prepare the Stores Ledger assuming that the issues are valued on FIFO and LIFO basis. Q. 8) Following details are available frOill the records or Amrut Ltd. For a month regarding the standard labour hours and rates of an hour for a product:Hours Rate per hour Total Rs. Rs. Skilled 10 3. 00 30. 00 Semi-skilled8 1. 50 12. 00 Unskilled16 1. 00 16. 00 _________________ 58. 00 The actual production for the product was 1,500 units for which the actual hours worked and rates were as follows: Hours Rate per hour Total Rs. Rs. Skilled 13,500 3. 50 47,250 Semi-skilled12,600 1. 0 22. 680 Unskilled30,000 1. 20 36. 000 (a)Labour Cost Variance (b)Labour Rate Variance (c)Labour Efficiency V ariance (d)Labour Mix Variance (e)Labour Cost Variance [15] Q~9) What do you mean by Elements of Cost? How the cost is classified into various elements of cost? Draft a standard format of a cost sheet for a machine tool manufacturing company. Make the necessary assumptions. [15] *********************************************************** Semester ? IOct 2007 [3278]-104 M. M. M.. ( Semester – I) Examination – 2007 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: (1) Answer any five questions. (2) All questions carry equal marks. (3) Draw neat diagram wherever necessary. Q. l) What is Managerial Economics? State its nature, scope and applications. Q. 2) Explain Profit and Sales Maximization as an organisational goal. Q. 3) What is Demand Forecasting? Explain methods of demand forecasting for established product. Q. 4) State and explain the Law of Variable Proportions. Q. ) Why Perfect Competition is socially and economically justifiable? Q. 6) (A) Descri be the need for Government Intervention in the Market. (B) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Economic Liberalisation ? Q. 7) Write notes on: (Any Two) a) Types of Price Elasticity of Demand b) Support and Administered Prices c) Public Goods Vs. Private Goods d) Protection of Consumer's Interest ************************************************** Semester ? I Oct 2007 [3278]-105 M. M. M. (Semester – I) sem-2007 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70Instructions: (1) Question Nos. 1 and 6 are compulsory. (2) Attempt any three questions from the remaining. (3) Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q. l) Attempt any two of the following: [20] (a)What is Research? Explain the objectives and types of Research. (b)What is Scientific Method? Explain its relation to research. (c)Draw Histogram and Frequency Curve from the following data: X| 0-10| 10-20| 20-30| 30-40| 40-50| f| 8| 17| 25| 12| 6| Q. 2) (A) Explain the nature and scope of Social Research. [05] (B) What is Hypothesis? Explain the characteristics of a Hypothesis. 05] Q. 3) Explain the meaning, role and difficulties of ‘Interview' as a method of data collection. [10] Q. 4) Explain various steps involved in the analysis of data. [10] Q. 5) Explain the importance and sources of Secondary Data. [10] Q. 6) Write short notes on : (Any Four) [20] (a)Sampling Design (b)Sources of Errors (c)Scaling Techniques (d)Experimental Design (e)Use of Computers in Research (t)Tests of Sound Measurement ****************************************************************** Semester ? I Oct 2007 1 [3278]-106 M. M. M. (Semester – I) Examination ? 007 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR [ Time: 3 Hours] [ Max. Mlarks : 70] Instructions: (1) Attempt any five questions. (2) All questions carry equal marks. Q. l) How is the field of Consumer Behaviour defined? What are the major uses or applications of understanding Consumer Behaviour? Q. 2) . Explain the demographic and psychological factors influencing co nsumer behaviour with relevant examples. Q. 3) Discuss the role of personality and self-concept in Shaping Consumer Behaviour. Q. 4) What is meant by Motive Hierarchy? How does ~1aslow's Hierarchy of needs fUnction?.Q. 5) Define Consumer Satisfaction. What is the r~lationship between Consumer Satisfaction, Repeat Purchase and Committed Customer. Q. 6) How does consumer decision-maki. llg change as purchase involvement increases? Q:7) Write short notes on any two: a) Consumerism b) Effect of Culture and Subculture on Indian Consumer ————————————————- c) Components of Attitude. Semester ? I Total No. of questions :6 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 2 3178-201 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 201:Service Marketing New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Answer any TWO question out of Q1 TO Q4 each carry equal mark 2)Q5 & Q6 are compulsory, each carry 20 marks 3) use examples, model etc. Q 1)liberalization privatization and globalization has propelled growth of services sector in India in 5-6 years ,Do you agree with the statement ? justify your answer. Q 2) In financial services marketing process and physical evidence are very important discuss this statement giving suitable examplesQ 3) what is services marketing segmentation ? discuss and elaborate as to how segmentation and positioning is achived in tourism marketing . Q 4) billjunctin. com is an e-bill pay service of icici bank, which has proved to be very successful , compared to physical bill payment collection service. Which distribution strategies of these services , do you think have made this billjunction. com successful ? why? Q 5) write short notes on any four (a) services blue print (b) SERVQAL and GAP model (c) four I s of services (d) advertising and sale promotion in service industry. (e) requirements for customer retension in service industry f) KPO Q6) Case study: The new incombent to the office of the Cheife General Manager of the Muncipal Transportation is wondering how to make the operation profitabal. He has jotted some of his finding about the current state of affairs. ?The Municipal Trasportation has alarge, ageing fleet of buses. Induction of new buses is a case is acase of ? too late-too few? ?The geographical expanse of the city it serve is big. city areas have several government office , hospitals and educational institute , not to mention huge residential unites employing a large number citizens of the city and adjoining suburbs. The ratio of number of employees to a vehicle operated by the trasport matches unfavourably with the standard norms, ie to say the trasport is over staffed. Inspite of thise, in the opinion of public the buses are not clean break down frequently and do not stick to a time-table. Business, the ? staff? of the trasport is infamously known for being rude. ?A recent survey has showed that (rather surprisingly to the Chief G M)most computer will like and prefer to travel by the Municiple Transport , rather than using their personal trasport means (cars motorcycle etc ) They only only hope, the fares will be low. ———————————————— The Chief General Manager has appointed you, as marketing manager of this muncipal transport. Present a detailed scheme for successful marketing of this public transport system. Semester ? II Total No. of questions :5 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-202 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 202:RETAIL MARKETING (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) ALLquestion are compulsory 2) each carry equal markQ1) Describe in detail the characteristic of atleast six different types of Retailers Q2)Explain giving all relevant detail , the factors considered in planning retail store layout and also the interiors designing . Q3)choose any high profile retailer like shooperstop / big bazaar known to you. Describe in detail who they use store based, merchandise based, retail marketing communication in the form of advertising and point of sell promotional materials. Q4)The competition between traditional retailer and ultra modern super market that occupy about 40000 sq ft floor area , is generating debates presently in society.Do you belive that traditional retailers will continue to prosper in such competition? Justify your answer discussing all aspect involved in detail. 5)Write short notes on all of the following a) retail store organized by district wise consumers cooperative society which also has network of some branches in villages. b) Bar coding method and its use ————————————————- c)Managing Reverse Logistic in retail . Semester ? II Total No. of questions :8 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 2 3178-203 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 03:SALES MANAGEMENT AND PERSONAL SELLING (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Answer any 5 question 2) each carry equal mark Q1) Explain why sells management is consider as an important function? Q2) compare top down and bottom up approach and explain weather they should give sells manager the some figure of the company sell forecast. Q3)What is sells budgets ? What are the purposes of sells budgets ? What procedure is typically followed by a company to prepair its sales budgets?Q4) What are sales quotas and why its important for a sales manager to sets quota? s for sale people? Q5)(a)Why line sales organization is not suited to a large organization (b) Which type of basic organization structure would you recommend for a large company operating globally and trying to gain greater customer responsive ness and efficiencies ? Q6)What are measure stages in the sells force staffing process? Which activity or part is considered by sell s managers as the most difficult in the entire staffing process and why? Q7)(a)Briefly describe the procedure for designing sales territory b)Why a good number of companies are in inceasingly using assessment centers as a tool of selection process? Q8)(a)What is the difference bet a prospect ,suspect and sales lead ? ————————————————- (b)how sells people understand prospect need? Semester ? II Total No. of questions :7 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-204 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 204:DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70Instructions: 1) ALLquestion are compulsory 2) each carry equal mark Q1)Identify and explain the various entities (things) that flow between a supplier and a customer during physical distribution. Q2) Discuss with the help of appropriate example : ? Middlemen are necessary evils.? Q3) Present and just ify a scheme of distribution channel for each of the following: (a)High-tech High-value industrial products (b)Bio-technology based Product to Boost Agriculture Yield (c)Low-price Readymade Cloth Q4) Discuss the Role of information Technology in Logistics , quoting suitable examples.Q5) Describe the scope and significance of supply chain management. Q6) Identify various opportunities for controlling the cost in a distribution channel. Q7)Write short note on any two: (a)Channel Leadership (b)Changing Nature of retail business ————————————————- (c)Global Marketing Channels. Semester ? II Total No. of questions :7 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 1 3178-205 MMM(semester-II)Examination -2007 205:MARKET RESEARCH (New course) Time 3 hours Max Marks 70Instructions: 1) Attempt any 5 question 2) each carry equal mark Q1) ? Market Research is a vary important tool for the decisio n makers of today in the Corporate Indian Environment.? Discuss and analyse. Q2) What are the steps in setting up and implementing a Marketing Research Project? Q3)Design a questionnaire for exploring possibility of launching a new English Daily in the State of Mharashtra. Q4) What do you understand by Sampling ? Explain Non-probability Sampling Technique with appropriate examples. Q5)What do you understand by Scaling Technique?Different Rating and ranking scale with appropriate example. Q6) Formulate a Research Design for potential assessment study for exterior domestic paint in rural area of Maharashtra and Gujarat Q7) Write short note (a)Dos and Dont for the questionnaire formulation (b)Retail audit (c)Ethics in marketing ————————————————- (d)Types of Rearch Data Semester ? II Total No. of questions :6 MAY 2007 Total no. of printed pages 2 3178-206 MMM(semester-II)Exami nation -2007 206:Relationship Marketing (New course)Time 3 hours Max Marks 70 Instructions: 1) Answer any TWO question out of Q1 TO Q4 each carry equal mark 2)Q5 & Q6 are compulsory, each carry 20marks 3) use examples, model etc. Q1)Outline the various factor which have influanced the Evolution of Transection-based into the Relationship-based Marketing. Q2)Explain in details the inter-linkinges among the rececy , frequency and lifetime value consepts. Quote examples, in support of your view point. Q3) ?A loyal customer, usually is more benificial to a firm , though new customer have to be aquired.? Disscuss quoting approriate examples. Q4)Discuss how the Information Technology affects the building and strengthening of relationship in the marketing context. Cite examples. Q5)write short notes On any four: (a)Decision making Process (b)Partnering (c) Intarnal Marketing (d) Barriers to Switching (e) CRM Consept (f) Value Of Complaints. —————â€⠀Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Q6)Assume you are In Charge of a Delership Business Firm. You belive that by retaining customer you enhaance the firm profitablity.You therefore, plan to get the support of all the internal / external stake-holders (domains) of your business to build alasting relationship with the customer(market). Present a detailed scheme for this purpose. You may assume a product/ service offering of your choice. Semester ? II [3278]-201 M. M. M. (Semester.. II) Examination.. 2007 SERVICES MARKETING Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: (1) Attempt any five questions. (2) All questions carry equal marks. Q. l) Explain in details, which aistribution strategies you will adopt for ‘ServiceMarketing' ? Q. 2) â€Å"Service Blueprints, Service Mapping and Managing Employees for ‘Service Orientations' are pillars on which building of ‘Service Industry' rely upon. † Do you agree with this s tatement? Quote examples in support of your answer. Q. 3) Write an essay on ‘Role of Advertising and Sales Promotion' in Service Industry. Q. 4) Which issues are involved in ‘Marketing of Services' ? How you will solve those issues? Q. 5) Which are the ‘Distinctive Characteristics' of Services? Also explain 4 I's of Services. Q. 6) How you will market ‘Charities Services† and ‘Technological Services' ?In support of your answer, quote practical examples. [3278]-201 1 P. T. O Q. 7) Write short notes on any three: a) Social Services of Non-profit Organization b) GAP Model c) Handling of Services Complaints d) Nature of Services e) M~keting Mix in Service Industry ————————————————- Semester ? II Oct 2007 [3278]-202 M. M. M. (Semester – II) Examination – 2007 RETAIL MARKETING.. Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: 1 ) Ai l questions are compulsory. (2) Every question carries fourteen marks. Q. l) Explain in details the factors that must be considered for the site selection of Retail Store. [14] Q. 2) Selecting the variety of products that constitute the entire merchandise and also managing efficiently the inventory of these products: these are critically important for success in Retailing. Do you agree? Justify your answer by giving all relevant details and suitable examples. [14] Q. 3) Describe in details, how the application of Information Technology has improved the following operations in Retailing:[14] )Just in Time R~plenishment of Stocks 2)Rapid Adaptation to Change in Market Trends 3)Category Management Q. 4) Explain in details the following concepts :[14] 1) Retailers are the most important source for getting the vital feed back given by the ultimate consumers. 2) Majority of Retailers have prospered by effectively implementing: ‘Proximity Retailing'. Give suitable examples. 3) Specia lity Retailers like Dass Electronics; Sony Exclusive Show Rooms, P. N. Gadgil Jewellers etc. have become popular by skillfully practising: ‘Destination Retailing'. Q.S) Write short notes on all of the following: (a) Managing IN-store Promotions [05] (b) Quick Response Inventory Planning [05] ( c) Category Management[04] ****************************************************** Semester ? II Oct 2007 [3278]-203 M. M. M. (Semester – II) Examination ? 2007 SALES MANAGEMENT AND PERSONAL SELLING Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: ( 1) Solve any five questions. (2) All questions carry equal marks. Q. ) (A) What is Sales Management? (B) Describe any one of the- qualitative -methods of sales forecasting and ndicate its advantages and disadvantages. Q. 2) What is a Sales Budget? What are- the purposes of the Sales Budget? What procedure is typically followed by a company to prepare. its sales budget? Q. 3) (A) What is a Sales Territory ? (B) How should a Sales Manager ass ign sales people to territories? Q. 4) Explain the methods used by companies for setting sales quotas. Q. 5) What are the basic concepts of a Sales Organisation? Explain anyone of those concepts. Q. 6) Why many companies have developed separate organisation structures and marketing programmes for major accounts?What alternative organisational methods are available for Sales Managers for dealing effectively with major customers? Q. 7) Mention various internal and external sources used by companies for locating and identifying the prospective candidates? Why employee referral programmes or schemes are becoming one of the most popular methods of locating sales recruits? Q. 8) (A) How Relationship Selling is different than Transaction Oriented Selling? (B)In what manner the approach step is different than the pre-approach step? Describe briefly different approach techniques used by sales people? ************************************************************************** Semester ? II Oct 2007 [3278]-204 M. M. M. (Semester – II) Examination ? 2007 DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT AND LOGISTICS Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: (1) Answer any five questions. (2) All questions carry equal marks. Q l) Explain the terms: Physical Distribution, Logistics, Supply Chain. Discuss their role in Marketing. Q. 2) What is Wholesaling? What functions do wholesalers perform? Outline various decision areas in wholesaling. Q. 3) Discuss various components of Physical Distribution System and explain heir impact on cost and customer service levels. Q. 4) Discuss various channel options available to a fmn selling photocopying machines nationally. Explain the functions to be carried out by every member of the channel. Q. 5) Design a marketing channel for the distribution of anyone of the following: (1) Mutual Funds (2) Pre-paid Mobile Phone Cards (3) Advertising Space in a Newspaper Q. 6) (A)What is a Consumer Panel? (B) How will you carry out Test Marketing for a new soft dri nk ? (C) Explain Focus Group Interviews. Q. 7) Highlight various applications areas of Marketing Research. ********************************************************** Semester ? II Oct 2007 [3278J.. 205 M. M. M~ (Semester – II}' Examination – 2007 Marketing Research Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instruction: 1) Attempt any five questions. 2) All questions carry equal marks. Q. 1 a) Define Market Research. b) Sate and explain various limitations of Market Research. Q. 2a) Which are the various sources of Marketing data? b) Describe various methods of Primary Data Collection. Q. 3a) What is the Questionnaire? b) What are the characteristics of good questionnaire? ) What are the advantage and demerits of Questionnaire Methods? Q. 4Explain probability and Non-probability sampling techniques/sampling methods. How will you design the sample? Q. 5Write short notes on : (Any Two) a) Primary Data ? Advantages and limitations b) Secondary Data – Advantages and limitations c) National Readership survey d) Retail Store Audit Q. 6a) What is consumer panel? b) How will you carry out Test Marketing for a new soft drink? c) Explain Focus Group Interviews ————————————————- Q. 7Highlight various applications areas of Marketing research. Semester ? IIOct 2007 [3278J.. 206 M. M. M~ (Semester – II}' Examination – 2007 RELATIONSHIP MARKETING Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions: (1) Q. Nos. 1 and 6 are compulsory and carry 20 marks each. (2) Attempt any two questions from among the Q. No. 2 to 5. Each of these questions, carries 15 marks. Q. l) Write notes on any four: (a)Customer Profitability (b)Database of Customers (c)Customer Orientation (d)Value of Complaints (e)RFM (t)Mass Customization Q. 2) For a firm having a small portfolio of products, identify the multiple market domains.How will the careful cultivation of these domai ns, lead to success in the customer market? Q. 3) How is physical distribution system benefitted by the use of Relationship Marketing Principles? Explain describing situations in corporate world. Q. 4) Examine the Contribution of Information Technology to the practice of Relationship Marketing. Q. S) Describe the evolving scenario of customer bonding. How will you Classify the companies on the basis of their promptness in bonding the customers? Q. 6) Managing Director of YANTRA Ltd. ad recently attended a profitability- related workshop by a leading management consultant. He is particularly impressed by the necessity to manage the Internal Markets of an organization to ensure a deeper (positive) impact on customers of the company. YANTRA Ltd. has a 6-tier organization structure, 10 departments, 10 managers 50 officers, 100 supervisors, 500 workmen. As a relationship marketinl consultant, you are to develop a plan to enhance the internal environment so as to impact the customer marke ts. [Your Managing Director suggests, you can start with ‘System-Culture- ————————————————-Communication' triad. ] Semester ? III Total no of question :6 Total no pages:3 [3178]-301 May 2007 M. M. M (semester ? III) examination ? 2007 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING (New course) Time : 3 HoursMax Marks: 70 Instruction 1) Question No 6 case study is compulsory. 2) Attempt any three question from Q 1 to Q 5. 3) Figures to the right indicate marks. Q1) what are the Objective of International Marketing? What are its challenging aspects? Q2) As far as packaging and leveling is concerned what are the adaptation required to be done for products in international market? What are the compelling and voluntary reason?Q 3) Explain various possible distribution channels in International marketing? Q 4) Explain the importance of INCOTERMS. Discuss various INCOTERMS 2000 from the point of view of cost and responsibility implications. Q 5) write short notes on any four: a) Political risk b) Impact of culture in International marketing c) Joint venture as an Entry strategy d) Indian MNEs e) Data collection problems in International marketing research f) Global retailer Q 6) Case study ? Coca cola: On June 13, 1999 Coca cola recalled over 15 million cans and bottles after the Belgian Health Ministry announced a ban on Coke? drinks, which were suspected of making more than 100 school children ill in the preceding six days. This recall was in addition to the 2. 5 million bottles that had already been recalled in the previous week. The company? s products had been bottled in Antwerp, Ghent and Wilrijk, Belgium, while some batches were also produced in Dunkirk, France. Children in 6 schools in Belgium had complained of headache, nausea, vomiting and shivering which ultimately led to hospitalization after drinking coke beverage. Most of them reported an Unusual Odor and off taste in the drink.In the same week, the Governments of France, Spain and Luxembourg also banned coke? s products while coke? s Dutch arm recalled all products that had come from its Belgium plant. The entire episode left more than 200 Belgians and French school children ill. The company had to assure its British customers that the products made in its UK factories were safe. By June 15, 1999 coke had recalled about 30 million cans and bottles, the largest ever recall in its 113 year history. For the first time, the entire inventories of coke? s products from one country were banned from sale.As part of a damage control exercise, coke sent a team of scientists to Europe. The CEO Micha Douglas apologized to its European customers. Coke Belgium announced that it would reimburse the medical costs for the ill. The recall had a significant negative impact coming down by 21% to $ 942 mn. Moreover, the entire operation cost coke $ 103 mn while its European bottling venture showed a 5% fall in revenues. Analysts felt that the Belgium recall was one of the worst public relations problems in coke? s history. It was alleged that the company had information about people who had become ill weeks prior to the above incidents.Coke had an opportunity to disclose this information; but chose not to do so and was accused of being unethical. Another issue that worried analysts was the illness causes to the innocent school children. They blamed coke? s promotion strategy to sell soft drinks to school children, which had raised a lot of controversies in the U. S. After the crisis, coke investigated the problem by testing the suspect batches for chemicals. The company claimed that the test showed nothing toxic in the beverages. The company said that there had been separate errors in two plants.The products from Antwerp plant had a strange odor as some fungicide had accidently fallen on the exterior of the cans. In addition, they had determined that the strange taste was the result o f a sub-standard gas used to carbonate the product Analysts said that coke had not handled the situation well and its media message was confusing, inconsistent and muddled. Coke alternately claimed that pesticide residue on the can or bottle or a bad batch of carbon-di-oxide was to be blamed for the off taste. On the other hand, the company also insisted that there was never any health threat. A company spokesman assured consumers, ?It may make you feel sick, but it is not harmful?. In August, 1999, the European commission reprimanded coke, asserting that the company had not cooperated adequately and its explanations were not entirely satisfactory. It also said that errors were committed in the selection of plant or the dosage of extracts in coke? s own concentrate. While no deaths were linked to the coke problems, it had a significant negative impact on the public confidence in Europe. 1) Analyse the case from the perspective of ethical issues involved in country risk analysis. 2) ————————————————-Analyse the actions taken by Coke during and ager the crisis Semester ? III Total no of question :7 Total no pages:1 [3178]-302 May 2007 M. M. M (semester ? III) examination ? 2007 MARKETING AND THE LAWS (New course) Time : 3 HoursMax Marks: 70 Instruction 1) Attempt any five questions. 2) All question carry equal marks. Q. 1) Define Proposal. What are the legal rules for valid proposal? Explain with illustrations. Q. 2) Define conditions and warranties in a contract of Sale. What are implied conditions and implied warranties? Q. 3) What are the various modes of creation of Agency? What are the rights of agents against the principal?Q. 4) Explain ? Infringement of copyright? and civil & criminal remedies provided under the act. Q. 5) Explain the scope of IT Act, 2000 and also the following terms; (1) Electronic Governance (2) Hacking with computer syst em Q. 6) Who is a (a) Consumer? (b) Complainant (c) Unfair trade practice Q. 7) Write notes on: (Any Two) (a) Registration of trade mark (b) Define manufacturer, Dealer and Retailer under V. A. T. Act. (c) Undue Influence (d) ————————————————- Extent of Agents Authority Semester ? III Total no of question :7 Total no pages:1 [3178]-303 May 2007M. M. M (semester ? III) examination ? 2007 FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKETING (New course) Time : 3 HoursMax Marks: 70 Instruction 1) Attempt any five questions. 2) All question carry equal marks. Q. 1) What is ? Venture Capital How does it help the enterprise? Q. 2) What are the trends now in Housing Finance? How consumer is benefitted? Q. 3) ? Globalization of Indian Economy since 1991-92 onwards has helped India to develop faster in all respects.? Do you agree? Explain in detail. Q. 4) What is mutual fund? How does it help the small in vestors in present time? Q. 5) What is the ? Merchant BankingWhat are the different services offered to the entrepreneurs? Q. 6) What is Insurance Regulatory Development Authority? How does it help the consumer? Q. 7) Write short notes on any two: (a) Credit Card (b) Retail Banking (c) Mergers and Acquisitions (d) Life Policies and its Valuation ————————————————- Semester ? III Total no of question :6 Total no pages:1 [3178]-304 May 2007 M. M. M (semester ? III) examination ? 2007 INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION (New course) Time : 3 HoursMax Marks: 70 Instruction 1) Q. 1 is compulsory and carries ten marks . 2) Solve any four from Q. 2 to Q. , each carrying 15 marks Q. 1) Describe in ten sentences whether advertising is a communication tool and what is its role in marketing communication? Q. 2) Comment on the Advertisement on Adidas shown during the world cup football in more than 250 words. Q. 3) What is Media Planning? What is its significance? Q. 4) Discuss the organisation of an Advertising Agency. Q. 5) Discuss the Marketing Mix of ? Nescafe.? Q. 6) Write short notes: (Any Three) (a) Essentials of a Good Copy. (b) Type of Appeals. (c) Ethics in Marketing Communications (d) ————————————————- Tools of Trade Promotions.Semester ? III Total no of question :9 Total no pages:1 [3178]-305 May 2007 M. M. M (semester ? III) examination ? 2007 RETAIL AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT (New course) Time : 3 HoursMax Marks: 60 Instruction 1) Attempt any six questions. 2) All question carry equal marks. Q. 1) Define Marketing Channel and explain how Consumer Marketing Channels differ from Industrial and Services Channels. Q. 2) Explain the purpose of Physical Distribution and briefly describe various components of Physical Distribution. Q. 3) What do yo u mean by Channel Management? Explain various types of Marketing Channels. Q. )Define the terms Retailer, Retailing and Retail Management and explain types of Store and Non-store Retailing. Q. 5) Demonstrate the importance of Store Location and outline the process and types of Store locations with factors influencing decision. Q. 60 Define Interior Store Layout and Explain the steps you follow to plan a good Store Layout. Q. 7) Define Interior Store Atmosphere and briefly describe the elements of Interior Store Atmosphere. Q. 8) Explain the purpose of Retail Communication and elaborate the elements of Retail Communication Mix. Q. 9) Write short notes on any four: (a) New Trends in Retailing b) International Marketing Channel (c) Channel Conflicts (d) Bar Coding (e) Role of IT in Retailing (f) ————————————————- Manufacturer Brands Vs Private Brands Semester ? III Total No. of Questions: 7] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 401 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007 BRAND MANAGEMENT (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : 1) Attempt any five questions. ) All questions carry equal marks. 3) Cite examples wherever necessary. Q. 1) Explain the Concept of Branding. Describe the scope of branding in the evolving markets. Q. 2) Discuss the concept and significance of Brand Equity. Q. 3) Identify major areas of Branding Decisions. Which considerations will impact the decisions? Q. 4) ? Customer Satisfaction? is often called as Mirage. How can it be achieved through Branding? Q. 5) What is a Power Brand? Discuss its features. Q. 6) Write a critical note on the future of FMCG brands in India. Q. 7) Write notes on any two: ) Product Image and Brand Image b) Trade Marks c) Brand Architecture d) ———————————————— - Brand Positioning Semester ? IV Total No. of Questions: 7] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 402 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007 STRATEGIC MARKETING (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : 1) Attempt any five questions. 2) All questions carry equal marks. Q. ) What is Strategy? Outline the steps in the formation of strategy for a business firm. Q. 2) Discuss the concept and the objectives of Strategic Marketing Management. Q. 3) Using the Porter? s Five Forces Model for reference, discuss the current competitive environment in an industrial sector of your choice. Q. 4) Critically examine the process of strategy evaluation in the context of marketing function. What is utility of the evaluation process? Q. 5) A new aviation company is taking shape through the takeover of a ? low profile, low fare? air-line by a ? high-profile? air-line.What sort of positioning strategy will be suitable for the new company? Explain your view-point. Q. 6) Discuss the various pricing strategies along with their merits, demerits and application areas. Q. 7) Write notes on any two: a) BCG Portfolio Matrix b) GE of Cell Matrix c) Distribution through retail-malls d) ————————————————- ?Tows? Matrix Semester ? IV Total No. of Questions: 7] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 403 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007EXPORT DOCUMENTATION AND FOREX MANAGEMENT (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : 3) Attempt any five questions. 4) All questions carry equal marks. Q. 1) Discuss in detail the importance of Documentary Credits in International Business. Bring out the salient features of the UCPDC. Q. 2) Write about the advantages and disadvantages of Exporting as a strategy. Q. 3) Give in details the methodology adopted by an exporter to set up his export business.Also comment on the role of various government agencies in helping him do so. Q. 4) What do you understand by the terms ? Regulatory ? and ? commercial? documents? Give a list of all documents used in International Business in details. Q. 5) Describe the role of various government institutions in promoting experts from India. Write about the role of the EXIM Bank in details. Q. 6) Give in details the process of insurance of goods for Exports. Also mention various types of insurances available to exporters. Q. 7) Write short notes: (Any Two) a) Export Promotion Councils (b) G. S. P (c) Bills of Exchange (d) Back to Back Letter of Credit ————————————————- (e) Sports and Discount Rates Semester ? IV Total No. of Questions: 6] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 404 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007 DIRECT MARKETING (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : 5) Question No. 5. is compulsory. ) Solve any three questions out of the remaining.. Q. 1) Explain the term ? Integrated Marketing Communication? (IMC). How it is different from a Traditional Marketing Communication? Q. 2) Discuss the role and significance of Exhibitions and Trade Fares in the Marketing Communication. Prepare a check-list for organizing the exhibition. Q. 3) A renowned Multinational Company wants to launch its new product in Pune. Design a complete marketing communication programme for this event. (Make and clearly mention necessary assumption wherever necessary) Q. 4) What is ? Corporate CommunicationsWhat are the pre-requisite qualities for a successful corporate communication professional? Q. 5) (A) Comment on increasing use of Technology in the Corporate Presentations. (B) Explain advantages and disadvantage of Direct Marketing. (C) Write a note on ? Press Conference and Press Releases? Q. 6) Write short notes on: (Any Two) (a) Customer Presentations (b) Role of Body Language and Voice Modulations in Corporate Presentations ————————————————- (c) Sales Promotion Brochures Semester ? IV Total No. of Questions: 7] [Total No. f Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 405 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007 INDUSTRIAL MARKETING (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : 7) Attempt any five questions. 8) All questions carry equal marks. Q. 1) Present an overview of Industrial Marketing System. Q. 2) What are the Characteristics of Organizational Customers? How does a seller to the buyer? s strength, to succeed in the exchange process? Q. 3) Explain the Interpersonal Dynamics of Industrial Buying.Q. 4) How are the Inducts Products ideally distributed in the market? How is the issue of channel leadership resolved? Q. 5) Critically examine the pricing decision, regarding the Industrial Products. Q. 6) Discuss the me thodology for successfully entering and surviving an International Market with Industrial Products Portfolio. Q. 7) Write notes on any two: (a) Positioning of Industrial Products (b) Segmentation of Industrial Markets (c) Reseller? s Market ————————————————- (d) Economics of Industrial Demand Semester ? IV Total No. f Questions: 6] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 406 May 2007 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination -2007 RURAL AND AGRICULTURE MARKETING (New Course) Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 70 Instructions : (1) Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three of the remaining questions. (2) Figures to the right indicate marks for that question. (3) Give examples wherever necessary. Q. 1) (A) Suggest the Marketing Mix for a new brand f organic manure ? UTKARSHA? for All India Marketing to be launched in the next three months. [15] (B) Write short notes on any two: [10] a) Supporting Services for Export of Farm Products b) Training and Research in Agricultural Marketing c) Differences in Agricultural and Industrial Marketing Q. 2) Discuss the scope and limitations of Rural Marketing in India. [15] Q. 3) Critically analyze the role of Agriculture in the Economic Development of India. [15] Q. 4) Describe the emerging branches of Agri-business with special reference to the food [15]Processing Industry. Q. 5) (A) Explain the concept of Co-operative Marketing. [06] (B) Examine the reasons for slow progress of Co-operative Sector in India. [09] Q. 6) (A) Give the source for Marketing Information with reference to Agricultural [06] Marketing. (B) ————————————————- Write a note on ? Role of Government in Agricultural Development. [09] Total No. of Questions: 7] [Total No. of Printed Pages: 1 [3178]- 401 M. M. M. (Semester-IV) Examination – 2007

How have the Greek and Roman civilizations influenced the US essays

How have the Greek and Roman civilizations influenced the US essays The Greek and Roman civilizations influenced us today in many ways. There way of doing things 2000 years ago is now a structure on how we do things now. They influenced how we use politics like a congress and senate to democracies. The also help economical ways, by buying and trading things across seas. Also, they help us form Religions, like Judeo-Christian. Greek and Roman civilizations were a big help to us today. There are many ways that the Greek and Roman civilizations have influenced the USA. Many of the ways are political, in the Greek civilizations, also known as a Polis, would have group meetings of all the citizens in the city to discuss the public affairs, to choose officials, and to make and pass laws. That way of doing things has influenced our government in the way of our congress and senate. The congress and senate is people who are involved in the government, the Senators, get together to pass laws and discuss problems that we are having in this country. The Roman civilizations, also known as a Republic, started organizing 2 different branches of government, the executive branch and the legislative branch. The executive branch in the Roman culture ran the day-to-day affairs. And the legislative branch were an assembly of 100 men, called the senate. The senate would advise the consuls, the people who run the executive branch. Now we use the same branches of government the y had some 2000 years ago, but now we have one more, the judicial branch. In the Greek civilizations they had different types of government, oligarchy or democracy. An oligarchy is when wealthy people hold power. A democracy is when the people of the city, state or country vote to decide what happens. In the USA today we have a democracy; we wouldnt have a democracy if it werent for the Greeks. In the Greek community, the people of a wealthier class like nobles and landholding aristocrats took over power of the kings. In...

Compare and Contrast Essay Writing

Compare and Contrast Essay Writing Essay writing as well as writing a compare and contrast essay is always hard work. Students are stumbled with this project without any clear instructions of what to write about and have great difficulties writing a compare and contrast essay. The biggest problem of all is that students have no idea how to write a compare and contrast essay with quality, stay on the compare and contrast essay topic, write the compare and contrast essay outline, etc. If a students sits down to write a compare and contrast essay, the first thing he usually thinks is how am I supposed to write this compare and contrast essay, and what should I write about. How am I supposed to write the compare and contrast essay introduction, and what should be in the compare and contrast essay body. All these questions have a logical explanation. Unfortunately teachers and professors dont spend enough time to explain all the concepts of the compare and contrast essay, and how it should be written. So when you are down to write a compare and contrast essay, you should pick a good topic. In many cases the topic is given by your instructor, but there are times where you have to choose your own compare and contrast essay topic. The process of picking a topic is very hard, as depending on what compare and contrast essay topic you choose you will get the corresponding grade. If you do a compare and contrast essay with ease the professor might think you dont want to put enough efforts in your compare and contrast essay. The first and most important stage of writing a compare and contrast essay is planning. Without planning you wont be able to write a magnificent compare and contrast essay, whereas you would be writing everything that comes to you mind, and in nine out of ten cases these thoughts are not well structured. After you have chosen a good compare and contrast essay topic you should develop a good compare and contrast essay structure. It doesnt matter if it is a school compare and contrast essay, a high school compare and contrast essay, a college compare and contrast essay or even a university compare and contrast essay you still have to dedicate enough time for planning. You should plan every little aspect of your compare and contrast essay, and pay big attention even to the smallest details. The most important part of your compare and contrast essay is to think through everything. So when you are done with the compare and contrast essay structure you can start writing the first draft of your compare and contrast essay according to the compare and contrast essay structure. The first draft NEVER can be your final draft. All students are confused by that, as they think that the first draft is properly written and there is no need to rewrite the whole damn thing again. If you are one of those students you can forget about taking shortcuts with your compare and contrast essay. It has to be well formatted into a proper MLA compare and contrast essay, APA compare and contrast essay, etc, it has to be a proofread and sound compare and contrast essay, so you have to write at least one more version of your compare and contrast essay (comparison essay) Never forget that your compare and contrast essay is your image in the eyes of your professor, so when you prepare compare and contrast essay do it to show how hard you work in his classes, and how you understand everything he says. If you still need qualitative compare and contrast essay help contact us and we will help write it for you.